亲爱的同学们，秋意渐浓，传染病也进入活跃期。校园里我们朝夕相处，更要携手做好防护！让我们从学习秋季传染病预防知识开始，用科学方法守护自己和同伴的健康，一起打造安全温暖的校园环境！
Dear students, as autumn approaches, infectious diseases become more active. Since we spend our days together on campus, it's even more important for us to join hands in prevention! Let's start by learning about autumn infectious disease prevention. By using scientific methods, we can protect our own health and that of our peers, working together to create a safe and warm campus environment!
1. 流感Influenza (Flu)
流感主要通过飞沫（咳嗽、打喷嚏）和接触传播，主要症状有突发高热、全身肌肉酸痛乏力、咳嗽、喉咙痛等。
如何预防：每年接种流感疫苗；勤洗手；在人群密集处佩戴口罩。
Transmission: Primarily through respiratory droplets (from coughing, sneezing) and contact. Main Symptoms: Sudden onset of high fever, general muscle aches and fatigue, cough, and sore throat.
Prevention: Get vaccinated annually; wash hands frequently; wear a mask in crowded places.
2. 基孔肯雅热 Chikungunya Fever
该传染病主要通过伊蚊叮咬传播，主要症状有突发高热、严重的关节疼痛（可致行动困难）、皮疹等。
如何预防：防蚊灭蚊（使用蚊帐、驱蚊液、清除积水）；前往流行区加强防护。
Transmission: This infectious disease is primarily transmitted through the bite of an Aedes mosquito.Main Symptoms: Sudden onset of high fever, severe joint pain (which can cause difficulty in moving), and skin rash.
Prevention: Prevent and eliminate mosquitoes (use mosquito nets, insect repellent, and remove stagnant water); strengthen protective measures when traveling to endemic areas.
3. 诺如病毒Norovirus
传播途径有粪-口途径，食用被污染的食物/水，或接触被污染的物体表面，主要症状是突发的剧烈呕吐和水样腹泻、恶心、腹痛等。
如何预防：用肥皂和流动水勤洗手；彻底清洗食物并煮熟；妥善消毒被污染物。
Transmission: Spread via the fecal-oral route, consumption of contaminated food/water, or contact with contaminated surfaces.Main Symptoms: Sudden onset of intense vomiting, watery diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain.
Prevention: Wash hands frequently with soap and running water; thoroughly wash and cook food; properly disinfect contaminated items.
4. 水痘Chickenpox
水痘主要通过空气飞沫传播，接触水疱液也可传染，主要症状有全身性红色斑丘疹、水疱、结痂、剧烈瘙痒、发热等。
如何预防：接种水痘疫苗；隔离患者至全部水疱结痂。
Transmission: Chickenpox is mainly spread through airborne respiratory droplets, and can also be transmitted by contact with fluid from the blisters. Main Symptoms: Body-wide red maculopapular rash, blisters, and scabs (all present simultaneously), intense itching, and fever.
Prevention: Get vaccinated against chickenpox; isolate infected individuals until all blisters have crusted over.
5. 肺炎 Pneumonia
肺炎主要通过吸入含病原体（细菌、病毒等）的飞沫传播，主要症状有咳嗽、咳痰、发热、气促、胸痛等。
如何预防：接种相关疫苗（如肺炎链球菌疫苗、流感疫苗）；勤洗手；戒烟以增强呼吸道抵抗力。
Transmission: Primarily spread by inhaling droplets containing pathogens (such as bacteria or viruses).Main Symptoms: Cough, phlegm production, fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
Prevention: Get relevant vaccinations (e.g., pneumococcal vaccine, flu vaccine); wash hands frequently; quit smoking to enhance respiratory tract resistance.
秋季传染病种类多、感染率大。师生携手，重视预防工作，可以有效地阻断传染病的流行与传播。让我们一起携手，做好预防工作，为大家的健康生活保驾护航！
Autumn brings a wide variety of infectious diseases with high transmission rates. By working together and prioritizing prevention, teachers and students can effectively curb the spread and outbreak of these diseases. Let us join hands in strengthening preventive measures to safeguard a healthy environment for all.
国际教育学院SOIE
2025年10月23日
